A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market

Correspondence: Email: rrios@pol.una.py (R. Richard).

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Main Author: Ríos González, Richard Germán (author)
Other Authors: Oxilia Dávalos, Victorio Enrique (author), Rodriguez, Alcantaro (author), Ortigoza Moreno, Eduardo Adrián (author)
Format: article
Language:English
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee1491
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/4637
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author Ríos González, Richard Germán
author2 Oxilia Dávalos, Victorio Enrique
Rodriguez, Alcantaro
Ortigoza Moreno, Eduardo Adrián
author2_role author
author
author
author_browse Ortigoza Moreno, Eduardo Adrián
Oxilia Dávalos, Victorio Enrique
Rodriguez, Alcantaro
Ríos González, Richard Germán
author_facet Ríos González, Richard Germán
Oxilia Dávalos, Victorio Enrique
Rodriguez, Alcantaro
Ortigoza Moreno, Eduardo Adrián
author_role author
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dc.contributor.other.es.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Facultad Politécnica
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ríos González, Richard Germán
Oxilia Dávalos, Victorio Enrique
Rodriguez, Alcantaro
Ortigoza Moreno, Eduardo Adrián
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2025-09-02T13:15:09Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2025-09-02T13:15:09Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2025-05-10
dc.format.extent.es.fl_str_mv 19 páginas
dc.identifier.citation.en.fl_str_mv Ríos, R., Oxilia, V., Rodríguez, A., & Ortigoza, E. (2025). A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu: from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market. ES Energy & Environment, 28, Article 1491. https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee1491
dc.identifier.doi.es.fl_str_mv 10.30919/ee1491
dc.identifier.essn.es.fl_str_mv 2578-0654
dc.identifier.issn.es.fl_str_mv 2578-0646
dc.identifier.other.es.fl_str_mv https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee1491
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/4637
dc.language.iso.es.fl_str_mv eng
dc.publisher.es.fl_str_mv Engineered Science Publisher
dc.relation.projectCONACYT.es.fl_str_mv BECA32-11
14-POS-032
PINV18-1040
14-INV-283
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Atribución/Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.accessRights.es.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.copyright.es.fl_str_mv © The Author(s) 2025
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject.classification.es.fl_str_mv 5. Energía
5.1. Producción, almacenamiento, transporte, distribución y uso racional de cualquier forma de energía
5.2. Procesos diseñados para incrementar la eficiencia de la producción y distribución de energía
dc.subject.ocde.es.fl_str_mv 2. Ingeniería y Tecnología
2.3. Otras ingenierías (tales como ingeniería química, aeronáutica y aeroespacial, mecánica, metalúrgica, de los materiales y sus correspondientes subdivisiones especializadas; productos forestales; ciencias aplicadas, como geodesia, química industrial, etc.; ciencia y tecnología de los alimentos; tecnologías especializadas o áreas interdisciplinares, por ejemplo, análisis de sistemas, metalurgia, minería)
dc.subject.other.es.fl_str_mv Band gap prediction
Cerium dioxide
Machine learning models
Neodymium oxide
Rare earth metal oxides
dc.title.es.fl_str_mv A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description Correspondence: Email: rrios@pol.una.py (R. Richard).
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
format article
id CONACYT_b8ebe1980ff122d8c49e0e465f0cb83b
identifier_str_mv Ríos, R., Oxilia, V., Rodríguez, A., & Ortigoza, E. (2025). A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu: from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market. ES Energy & Environment, 28, Article 1491. https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee1491
2578-0646
10.30919/ee1491
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language eng
network_acronym_str CONACYT
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional CONACYT
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.conacyt.gov.py:20.500.14066/4637
publishDate 2025
publishDateSort 2025
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorio.institucional@conacyt.gov.py
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional CONACYT
repository_id_str
rights_invalid_str_mv Atribución/Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
© The Author(s) 2025
spelling 82736fb1-144d-4f30-bfbb-6e6401a556f96008496000000-0002-4152-07882c175109-6997-4cc9-8286-ebeadb3c033c6008326000000-0002-8525-3984Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Facultad Politécnica2025-09-02T13:15:09Z2025-09-02T13:15:09Z2025-05-10Ríos, R., Oxilia, V., Rodríguez, A., & Ortigoza, E. (2025). A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu: from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market. ES Energy & Environment, 28, Article 1491. https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee14912578-0646https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee1491http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/463710.30919/ee14912578-0654Correspondence: Email: rrios@pol.una.py (R. Richard).Paraguay is a country with sustainable characteristics in terms of its power system, which is today 100% hydropower generation thanks to ITAIPU, YACYRETA, and ACARAY power plants. Paraguay has an energy export profile in the binational power plants, but this export (actually, energy cession) is restricted only to its partners (Brazil and Argentina) by the provisions of the respective bilateral treaties. These agreements also require the signing of power purchase contracts with the energy companies of the partner countries. The state-owned company, ANDE, is the Paraguayan part of these contracts. This work contributes to the analysis of the best options to harness the ANDE’s power purchase from ITAIPU's Bi-National Hydropower Plant. The regulatory framework of this analysis is the regional and bilateral energy integration agreements, and the criteria to define the best options are the results of a financial evaluation of two hypothetical scenarios of energy surplus sales into the Brazilian short-term power market, based on historical data (2014-2017). The questions which guide this paper are: i) What are the options to commercialize 20 ITAIPU's Paraguayan energy under better conditions than the current ones? ii) How to improve the benefits of Paraguay's energy surplus? The cases of CAN and SIEPAC were analyzed to identify the mechanisms and degree of integration of their markets, and concerning the region, it was identified that both MERCOSUR and UNASUR do not propose the means to overcome the barriers to the commercialization of Paraguayan energy from ITAIPU in other markets in the region. An alternative was proposed in the Lula-Lugo Agreement (2009), which allows ANDE to gradually access the Brazilian electricity market. The results achieved in this study showed that the Paraguayan company can go from about USD 300 million to about USD 1,500 million in terms of income by installing an electricity marketer in Brazil (in the period analyzed).Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Incentivos para la formación de investigadores en postgrados nacionalesPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de creación y fortalecimiento de maestrías y doctorados de excelenciaPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Proyectos de investigación y desarrolloPrograma Paraguayo para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y Tecnología. Programa Nacional de Incentivo a los Investigadores19 páginasengEngineered Science PublisherAtribución/Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess© The Author(s) 20255. Energía5.1. Producción, almacenamiento, transporte, distribución y uso racional de cualquier forma de energía5.2. Procesos diseñados para incrementar la eficiencia de la producción y distribución de energíaBand gap predictionCerium dioxideMachine learning modelsNeodymium oxideRare earth metal oxides2. Ingeniería y Tecnología2.3. Otras ingenierías (tales como ingeniería química, aeronáutica y aeroespacial, mecánica, metalúrgica, de los materiales y sus correspondientes subdivisiones especializadas; productos forestales; ciencias aplicadas, como geodesia, química industrial, etc.; ciencia y tecnología de los alimentos; tecnologías especializadas o áreas interdisciplinares, por ejemplo, análisis de sistemas, metalurgia, minería)A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity marketinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionES Energy & EnvironmentBECA32-1114-POS-032PINV18-104014-INV-28328Ríos González, Richard GermánOxilia Dávalos, Victorio EnriqueRodriguez, AlcantaroOrtigoza Moreno, Eduardo AdriánORIGINALA paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu.pdfA paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu.pdfArtículo científicoapplication/pdf1603894http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/4637/1/A%20paradigm%20shift%20in%20the%20commercialization%20of%20Paraguay%e2%80%99s%20surplus%20electricity%20from%20Itaipu.pdf76ed075e09c05dc5c2cf895aa510be7fMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8908http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/4637/2/license_rdf0175ea4a2d4caec4bbcc37e300941108MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81698http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/4637/3/license.txt858b22fda432bd774e469302988c1974MD53THUMBNAILA paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu.jpgA paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu.jpgVista de primera página de artículo científicoimage/jpeg1077483http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/4637/4/A%20paradigm%20shift%20in%20the%20commercialization%20of%20Paraguay%e2%80%99s%20surplus%20electricity%20from%20Itaipu.jpgba67d705953b3d92d997ea4ae90a07f2MD54TEXTA paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu.pdf.txtA paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain80923http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/4637/5/A%20paradigm%20shift%20in%20the%20commercialization%20of%20Paraguay%e2%80%99s%20surplus%20electricity%20from%20Itaipu.pdf.txt8d6bee035d46bcb489bc58c03fe8044fMD5520.500.14066/4637oai:repositorio.conacyt.gov.py:20.500.14066/46372026-02-12 19:30:44.424Repositorio Institucional CONACYTrepositorio.institucional@conacyt.gov.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
spellingShingle A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
Ríos González, Richard Germán
5. Energía
5.1. Producción, almacenamiento, transporte, distribución y uso racional de cualquier forma de energía
5.2. Procesos diseñados para incrementar la eficiencia de la producción y distribución de energía
Band gap prediction
Cerium dioxide
Machine learning models
Neodymium oxide
Rare earth metal oxides
2. Ingeniería y Tecnología
2.3. Otras ingenierías (tales como ingeniería química, aeronáutica y aeroespacial, mecánica, metalúrgica, de los materiales y sus correspondientes subdivisiones especializadas; productos forestales; ciencias aplicadas, como geodesia, química industrial, etc.; ciencia y tecnología de los alimentos; tecnologías especializadas o áreas interdisciplinares, por ejemplo, análisis de sistemas, metalurgia, minería)
status_str publishedVersion
title A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
title_full A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
title_fullStr A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
title_full_unstemmed A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
title_short A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
title_sort A paradigm shift in the commercialization of Paraguay’s surplus electricity from Itaipu : from a bilateral agreement to potential entry into the Brazilian electricity market
topic 5. Energía
5.1. Producción, almacenamiento, transporte, distribución y uso racional de cualquier forma de energía
5.2. Procesos diseñados para incrementar la eficiencia de la producción y distribución de energía
Band gap prediction
Cerium dioxide
Machine learning models
Neodymium oxide
Rare earth metal oxides
2. Ingeniería y Tecnología
2.3. Otras ingenierías (tales como ingeniería química, aeronáutica y aeroespacial, mecánica, metalúrgica, de los materiales y sus correspondientes subdivisiones especializadas; productos forestales; ciencias aplicadas, como geodesia, química industrial, etc.; ciencia y tecnología de los alimentos; tecnologías especializadas o áreas interdisciplinares, por ejemplo, análisis de sistemas, metalurgia, minería)
url https://dx.doi.org/10.30919/ee1491
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/4637