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Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.

Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (no common name) is an endemic toad of the central grasslands in the eastern region of Paraguay. Details about its natural history are poorly understood and it is categorized nationally as Vulnerable. This work describes the diet composition of this species and the rel...

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Main Author: Núñez Goralewski, Karina Beatriz (author)
Other Authors: Duré, Marta (author), Zárate Betzel, Griselda Inés (author), Ortiz, Fátima Natalia (author), Mendoza Galeano, Medes Alexandre (author)
Format: article
Language:English
Published: 2021
Subjects:
2. Medio ambiente
FORMICIDAE
ACARI
PREDATOR-PREY
STOMACH FLUSHING
TROPHIC ECOLOGY
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/3805
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author Núñez Goralewski, Karina Beatriz
author2 Duré, Marta
Zárate Betzel, Griselda Inés
Ortiz, Fátima Natalia
Mendoza Galeano, Medes Alexandre
author2_role author
author
author
author
author_browse Duré, Marta
Mendoza Galeano, Medes Alexandre
Núñez Goralewski, Karina Beatriz
Ortiz, Fátima Natalia
Zárate Betzel, Griselda Inés
author_facet Núñez Goralewski, Karina Beatriz
Duré, Marta
Zárate Betzel, Griselda Inés
Ortiz, Fátima Natalia
Mendoza Galeano, Medes Alexandre
author_role author
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bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
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bitstream.url.fl_str_mv http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/3805/2/license.txt
http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/3805/1/PINV15-820art3.pdf
http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/3805/3/PINV15-820art3.pdf.txt
dc.contributor.other.es.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Núñez Goralewski, Karina Beatriz
Duré, Marta
Duré, Marta
Zárate Betzel, Griselda Inés
Ortiz, Fátima Natalia
Mendoza Galeano, Medes Alexandre
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2022-04-29T23:18:08Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2022-04-29T23:18:08Z
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2021
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/3805
dc.language.iso.es.fl_str_mv eng
dc.relation.projectCONACYT.es.fl_str_mv PINV15-820
dc.rights.accessRights.es.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subject.classification.es.fl_str_mv 2. Medio ambiente
dc.subject.other.es.fl_str_mv FORMICIDAE
ACARI
PREDATOR-PREY
STOMACH FLUSHING
TROPHIC ECOLOGY
dc.title.es.fl_str_mv Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
dc.type.es.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
description Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (no common name) is an endemic toad of the central grasslands in the eastern region of Paraguay. Details about its natural history are poorly understood and it is categorized nationally as Vulnerable. This work describes the diet composition of this species and the relationship between toad body size and the number and volume of prey consumed. We analyzed the stomach content of 162 individuals, using the stomach flushing technique, after measuring and weighing them. For each prey category, we calculated the volume, number, and frequency of occurrence, and we estimated the relative importance index (IRI) with these data. We also estimated the standardized Shannon Diversity Index and Levins Niche Breadth Index for prey categories, and we analyzed the correlation between size of the anurans and prey size. Seventy-six individuals had identifiable content, which consisted of 1,357 prey classified into 16 categories, mostly at the order level. Ants and mites were the prey taxa with the greatest contribution in number and frequency and represent the most important prey based on IRI. Volumetrically, ants and beetles predominated. Ticks, spiders, springtails, flies, true bugs, wasps, termites, thrips, larvae and nymphs of insects, centipedes, crabs, and snails were occasional prey. The mean prey volume consumed by toads was positively correlated with toad snout-vent length. The Shannon and Levins indices showed that the composition of the diet was dominated by a few groups of arthropods. This work demonstrates the importance of ants, mites, and beetles as food for M. paraguayensis, which is consistent with findings for other species of the genus Melanophryniscus and of many species of the Bufonidae family.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
format article
id CONACYT_db5c3122d450d3dea93aefaf45d65246
language eng
network_acronym_str CONACYT
network_name_str Repositorio Institucional CONACYT
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.conacyt.gov.py:20.500.14066/3805
publishDate 2021
publishDateSort 2021
repository.mail.fl_str_mv repositorio.institucional@conacyt.gov.py
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional CONACYT
repository_id_str
spelling 80760089e02333-210d-48bb-aa87-4aa350ab624e60089e02333-210d-48bb-aa87-4aa350ab624e600121360012256000000-0002-1110-6295627a268d-aa52-4bbe-9575-12438f9a3b5e600Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales2022-04-29T23:18:08Z2022-04-29T23:18:08Z2021http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/3805Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (no common name) is an endemic toad of the central grasslands in the eastern region of Paraguay. Details about its natural history are poorly understood and it is categorized nationally as Vulnerable. This work describes the diet composition of this species and the relationship between toad body size and the number and volume of prey consumed. We analyzed the stomach content of 162 individuals, using the stomach flushing technique, after measuring and weighing them. For each prey category, we calculated the volume, number, and frequency of occurrence, and we estimated the relative importance index (IRI) with these data. We also estimated the standardized Shannon Diversity Index and Levins Niche Breadth Index for prey categories, and we analyzed the correlation between size of the anurans and prey size. Seventy-six individuals had identifiable content, which consisted of 1,357 prey classified into 16 categories, mostly at the order level. Ants and mites were the prey taxa with the greatest contribution in number and frequency and represent the most important prey based on IRI. Volumetrically, ants and beetles predominated. Ticks, spiders, springtails, flies, true bugs, wasps, termites, thrips, larvae and nymphs of insects, centipedes, crabs, and snails were occasional prey. The mean prey volume consumed by toads was positively correlated with toad snout-vent length. The Shannon and Levins indices showed that the composition of the diet was dominated by a few groups of arthropods. This work demonstrates the importance of ants, mites, and beetles as food for M. paraguayensis, which is consistent with findings for other species of the genus Melanophryniscus and of many species of the Bufonidae family.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPROCIENCIAeng2. Medio ambienteFORMICIDAEACARIPREDATOR-PREYSTOMACH FLUSHINGTROPHIC ECOLOGYDiet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion2Herpetological Conservation and BiologyPINV15-820info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess16Núñez Goralewski, Karina BeatrizDuré, MartaDuré, MartaZárate Betzel, Griselda InésOrtiz, Fátima NataliaMendoza Galeano, Medes AlexandreLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81698http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/3805/2/license.txt858b22fda432bd774e469302988c1974MD52ORIGINALPINV15-820art3.pdfPINV15-820art3.pdfPINV15-820art3application/pdf1250200http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/3805/1/PINV15-820art3.pdf2b3e3b391e97776d8aa4f1fe00064027MD51TEXTPINV15-820art3.pdf.txtPINV15-820art3.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain37827http://repositorio.conacyt.gov.py/bitstream/20.500.14066/3805/3/PINV15-820art3.pdf.txtdfb0a45a34c15b382d1fa724da2b22bcMD5320.500.14066/3805oai:repositorio.conacyt.gov.py:20.500.14066/38052026-02-12 19:30:33.537Repositorio Institucional CONACYTrepositorio.institucional@conacyt.gov.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
spellingShingle Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
Núñez Goralewski, Karina Beatriz
2. Medio ambiente
FORMICIDAE
ACARI
PREDATOR-PREY
STOMACH FLUSHING
TROPHIC ECOLOGY
status_str publishedVersion
title Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
title_full Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
title_fullStr Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
title_full_unstemmed Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
title_short Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
title_sort Diet of Melanophryniscus paraguayensis (Anura: Bufonidae): an Endemic Species to Paraguay.
topic 2. Medio ambiente
FORMICIDAE
ACARI
PREDATOR-PREY
STOMACH FLUSHING
TROPHIC ECOLOGY
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14066/3805

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